(Statement: According to Mr. Tang Hao July 21 speech in a public forum made the content of finishing, I audited by Mr. Tang Hao, release content without permission, not reproduced)
Lingnan forum. Public forum guests Full
excellent speech from the black brick kiln incident equitable development of Chinese society, the right to
Tang Hao: I thank the host introduced.
earlier today, I came to see so many friends gathered here, I also a little touched in Guangzhou, we have the tradition of participation in public life, and this tradition has been cultivated by the so-called, in fact, but the past few years to do. Lingnan previous forum in Zhongshan Library, today I saw a lot of then to have seen the familiar faces. I think this is a very commendable spirit in China today, which is most imperative that we carry forward the spirit of the mm just in public life, in order to become The word must be realized in practice its value. in Athens era, people have the habit of participation in public life, because slaves to do all they can do, and they had to play politics, and today, we are in fact in the use of precious time to create economic value, to participate in public affairs discussion, that we in this country, this society, and the future of our children, in fact, have a lingering sense of responsibility.
into the concrete below content of the workshop.
first part of the equitable development of contemporary Chinese society, the status of the right to sustainable development and equitable development
right
some of the concepts of sustainable development, in Chinese society have been explored for many years, but still often have some misconception that sustainable development is a concept of environmental protection, or the main concept of environmental protection. In fact, if we only understood from the perspective of environmental protection, sustainable development, it is difficult to achieve sustainable development set objectives. Even worse, we may use such a environmental issues, sustainable development can not be forced to cover up the continued existence of many deep-seated problems.
sustainable development involves four principles: the principle of intergenerational equity, on behalf of the the principle of equity, the principle of sustainable use, environment and development integration principles. If we just simply focus on environmental intergenerational equity, to more or less a little hypocrisy, hypocrisy composition, the reason is very simple, if you were in the range of contemporary inside, can achieve equitable development rights, we have reason to suspect that you call for the descendants of fair promise. So here I have to emphasize that the second principle of sustainable development, intra-generational equity, namely, how the contemporary equitable access to development rights. I think this is one of the most fundamental principles. Here we observe a number of specific events to the right to fair development of Chinese society, in reality the damage.
human rights and the right to
me six pigs know the existence of black brick kiln incident in January when the first impression, with as many friends as soon as floating remember four years ago in Guangzhou, the Sun Zhigang incident occurred. From the Sun Zhigang incident to the black brick kiln incident means that the process of China's progress, slow to cause not be tolerated. Sun Zhigang incident highlights the problems of Chinese society lacks the right to life, and the black brick kiln incident has not only meant to be deprived of their right to life and liberty, but also implies a group, or even most of the groups in this society is not fair on the Right to Development treatment.
about survival and development, if everyone's memory is still relatively good, we will think of it, a dozen years ago, talking about China's human rights situation, they will often say that China has solved the survival and the right to development, and as we boast to the world of capital and evidence. This is the number of words we often hear mention of human rights, immediately attributed to survival and development. However, if only the equal right to life of human rights and development, we will face a big problem, what problem? is how we distinguish ourselves and to a pig. We know that pigs also have the right to life, and life quality is also good to eat every day The very full, do not have to worry about looking for work graduation, or six in the morning o'clock would go out to work, out of their exhausted, but also by the owner of the gas, there is something to eat pig stayed there, life quality is not low, a long one so fat. and more outrageous is that there are pigs right to development, it is flesh every day, one day not long ten pounds, eight pounds uncomfortable, if it does not flesh, or not to develop their own His host will every effort to promote its development, so it enjoys the right to development every day development. and our right to human reason and the pig is different because it gives the meaning of existence and development of different, even in the survival and development, we also have a number of different animal rights. I was thinking is, since we have solved the right to subsistence and development, the right should move to a higher, so we Chinese people can have more rights, more freedom of development. But today, we found that even the most basic right to subsistence and development are still not fully resolved. black brick kiln incident, and other social events to beat back the Chinese prototype mm we must be some of the most basic rights from the beginning, these are as a person, even as a pig, should have rights, we must start from here, this is the situation we find ourselves.
equitable development rights have been violated One case of black brick kiln incident
mm black brick kiln incident for many academics, journalists, officials and even some sense of justice, are all made in-depth analysis of events, fair evaluation, I think we see this aspects should be a lot. I do not want to here a ruthless analysis of the causes behind the incident, after the results, etc., but the black brick kiln Enlightenment, there may be several points to note.
First, the black brick kilns highlights the problem of child labor, slave labor issue is not mere problem of Shanxi, Guangdong, has a similar situation of forced labor exist, even it is not only China's problem but a global issue. child in today's world , the number reached 246 million, mostly in Asia, and Asia there are 127 million child labor. This is the ILO's data. Why is the emergence of child labor will be a substantial, forced labor, sweatshops, and so undermine labor rights situation in China, and around the world appeared in large numbers? should say that this is a partial cause of economic globalization, the inevitable and foreseeable in the future, intensified the problem of time.
Why is it inevitable? We know Economic globalization means the globalization of capital, where all factors of production, capital, technology, trade opportunities, market system, such as the core of some of the capital, rests in the hands of the bourgeoisie all factors of production in the world the free flow, but only a factor of production can not flow freely, that is labor. In the era of economic globalization, free of power, but when all the other elements are freely available through the greater development rights, only to be placed in the labor for people to pick the location. now all over the world capital is a selection of the cheapest and most expensive labor force, resulting in vicious competition among labor, competition between countries in the low-cost labor force, some developing countries not to adopt a more many measures to protect workers. This vicious competition in the absence of external constraints will go to the extreme of circumstances, so prices dropped lower and lower labor costs and then a press pressure, until the use of child labor, women, slave labor. It is in this case, the Convention on the Protection of Rights of the Child, the Convention against child labor and other international documents issued six years after the revival of child labor but a large area. but to solve this problem, it is the feeling of nowhere to start, a simple prohibition of child labor, may also We say do not meet the carpet, then fired a large number of child labor in Nepal, but the child's family is still poor, so we have reduced child labor, child prostitution 5000-7000 female fate even worse. Therefore, damage to the interests of labor, which is a world-wide is difficult to place address the reality.
Second, the beneficiaries of the black brick kiln incident more than we know. the right to development itself is a limited resource, some people damaged, there must be some people benefit. labor rights are being infringed , there must be some other interest groups benefit from it. traffickers, the kiln owners, some local officials is of beneficiaries, but other people? those who buy a cheap black brick kilns built a house, or live in these houses where the ordinary people, etc., they are also beneficiaries of this cruel tragedy. These so-called anti-interest groups the right to equitable development, we may not aware of the circumstances, it may be one of them accidentally .
Third, the black brick kiln incident exposure system defects. In the part of the group is very weak, while other groups are very powerful forces do not mean the case, relying on the free game between them a fair result of the development, almost no possible task. The only way is in the system other than standard, so that balanced development is possible. in black brick kiln incident, at least five aspects of the system is problematic, minors rights protection system, protection of labor rights system, a national registration system of missing persons, another local government accountability, and freedom of the press system. these aspects, we can easily discover which system is the most important. is the fourth point is that the Government asked responsibility system. Without this, it means that efforts to protect the right to equitable development can never be a proactive one.
case of two mm behind the environmental crisis, environmental crisis
recently been on the ground in China, emerge on the surface of the water, algae in Taihu Lake incident, Xiamen PX event, in fact, the environmental crisis are the direct and positive contact with daily life events. just a decade ago, we also feel that protection of the environment far away from us, those who protect the environment In some people the impression that deep mountain Tiger, black bears, who are away from the city, away from the hubbub of people. But today the environment is rapidly approaching to our side, or closer to our daily lives, this situation , we need to know how environmental issues?
the existence of the environmental crisis is in fact the destruction of the right to development for the fair, Why? We know that the environmental crisis beneficiaries who? can only be of this world a few, such as heavy chemical industry, a few can reap profits from some gray personnel. And the environmental consequences of every ordinary citizen has to bear, and this subject is twofold: on the one hand we have to put our water pollution bodily injury, the other side we have to pay to compensate these companies for the environmental pollution they cause damage. This is double the pay of environmental pollution. These environmental crisis also reflects the distribution of environmental resources, in fact, each groups is concerned, is not entirely fair, though we live in the same piece of land.
case of three mm housing prices led to the development potential of the middle class the right to be deprived of
third incident, I want to talk about rise in house prices. housing prices today, the most white-collar workers is the direct denial of the re-development. prices are not high, not low, although we think the price is high, but if you really can not afford it, may not feel this price is particularly high, or not sensitive to this concept. It is precisely because in affordable, very sad such a range of prices will be so sensitive. Who are these people? Yes Twenty years of Chinese society that nurtured the potential of the middle class, or white-collar workers, petty bourgeoisie and so on. the real poor, not to mention the price of ten thousand, is down to six thousand, two thousand can not afford down; As that higher income people do not care about house prices in ten thousand or eighteen thousand. Under such circumstances, high prices hurt a specific group of people, these people are the backbone of social development, to create the most value at the age of segment, while they bear the primary responsibility of this society, the top four for the elderly, following a child, all the burden of pressure in their body. The rise in house prices after decades of forced them to work out the income to buy a house . These revenues could have been doing their own re-education, reading a new degree, or investment, or participate in the entrepreneurial small businesses to seek the path of a further rise. So not only high prices actually advance the money, but the advance of these keep up the path of human development, the development rights for these people is a flagrant injury.
small and medium private enterprises in the cases of four mm why the large number of bankruptcy?
small and medium private enterprises in 1999, there are 31.6 million, which a few years to reduce the 7.7 million, a large number of corporate bankruptcies. small private enterprises development in China is facing great difficulties. the year before a forum of Anhui, to more than one thousand entrepreneurs, questionnaires, and asked in the process of development, the biggest obstacle is What, 70% of the people filling the financing difficulties, lack of further development of the capital. from bank loans is difficult, most loans to state enterprises, monopolies, or foreign companies. In these types of businesses squeezed, small and medium private enterprises is very small. you know, in industrial enterprises, the profit of 10% has been very great, but now the cost of financing necessary to achieve the 12%, not even counting the cost of market access, and the tax burden. China corporate tax burden ranked third in the world. So the average life expectancy in China, small and medium private enterprises is only 2.9 years. the development of small and medium private enterprises in difficulties and even large number of bankruptcy, which means they are deprived of their right to equitable development.
Why is that business is difficult, employment is difficult, because our business is less. a lot of attention is the city government to attract major projects and investment. But the problem is that small cities can rely on large project development, large cities but is relying on the development of SMEs, the reason is very simple, Your support of major projects, a few points of growth, the growth of SMEs is the face of growth, because only a very broad system coverage to tens of thousands of small and medium enterprises can benefit from this situation possible to obtain the next big economic development.
case of five mm of intellectual property rights and human rights conflicts over intellectual property protection
today, has reached a point where the deranged. Disney's intellectual property rights to the incredible 90 years, is this protection of Mickey Mouse, or the protection of the giant multinational corporations? show the world anti-AIDS medicine against AIDS is on display in the world's most cutting-edge technology, the best medicine. We know that the world's AIDS population where the most concentrated in Africa, but these drugs sold in Africa, how much? $ 15,000 a year course of treatment, many African countries per capita GDP does not exceed four to five hundred dollars, $ 15,000, it is an astronomical figure. the one hand, human To combat AIDS, and created a very advanced drugs, but another aspect, a large number of thousands of people died because of AIDS or because they can not afford the medicine. then generic manufacturers of these drugs in South Africa, three hundred dollars a year, saved the life of many people, the result of U.S. pharmaceutical companies to sue the South African manufacturers. We know that drugs have a lot of capital investment must be possible to develop new drugs, but your own interests and for the protection of human life, in the middle of this Where is the balance? may still have to look for. In short this litigation occurred, thousands of people in the United States went to pharmaceutical companies demonstrations, saying that you do too inhumane, and earn a little money for themselves, thousands of the million people will watch the drugs, but still have to die. Finally in the last minute withdrawal of U.S. litigation.
Microsoft to sell Windows, I do not know how many people buy genuine, too expensive for a student. we may have a few hundred dollars a CD, all the software on the computer if genuine, the money far more than the value of the hardware you buy, so many people use pirated. in human history, knowledge, once the large-scale reproduction and dissemination of human a necessary prerequisite for progress. Microsoft is in knowledge dissemination and corporate profits at this point, I think it's not good grasp. and even more exasperating is of little significance but also through the upgrade again and again to earn more profits . These poor families are deprived of many children's right to education: if a child out of the reach of these high-tech things, their future development will only be carried out at a low level.
second part of the destruction of the right to equitable development consequences
First of all, the ability of group development was gradually eroded, no one can escape
these events occur frequently in the near future. They are telling us a fact: in our society, many groups are gradual, slow slow, it is not aware of the development in the progressive loss of capacity. laid-off workers, farmers, migrant workers, employment is difficult to college students, white-collar workers, small business owners. Why does bottom-up development capacity of these sectors, one by one to be deprived of ? is simple: when we emptied the bottom of the dam, the purpose of this dam is built to higher, so that our economic development faster and greater economic output, but also to the Ministry of dam development capacity crowd, more room for development. This is our current social development, economic development reality: dam emptied through the bottom layer by layer to build the high dam. So we see that, despite the loss of one by a group the right to development, but we The economy is still high growth, Guangdong economy last Zengsu was 14%, 11% of the country. This is a world-class high-speed growth, but in the middle and bottom of the dam groups and do not enjoy the results of rapid development. We build high Dam of the process, the end dam has been emptied.
and a upward trend of eating the right to development does not stop. When we think we have nothing to do with peasants, workers laid off; when we feel like we have laid off workers nothing to do, the hard place of employment; when you find a job, you look at students seeking employment, do you think you're better than they have sense of superiority, when prices rose; you see the white house to a house in the bitter bitter struggle, you feel good as a boss, then your company went bankrupt. this continues, will eventually hurt the top of the dam mm so-called vested interests of people: In recent years Beijing has been scratched many limousine the more advanced cars more so. order Kusakabe, and officials of the rich growing sense of insecurity, they feel this threat. This also indicates that, in a development right is gradually eroded, no equitable development society, and finally no one will be good. to always be people who take advantage, it is not possible.
Secondly, no equitable development of the gap is likely to solidify and intergenerational transmission.
now class stratification, in fact, is not particularly apparent, despite the differences in social wealth, but our sense of identity, class consciousness, are still in the process of formation. This process is accelerating, the most obvious is reflected in the levels of education. education level, if there is a polarization, which means polarization will be our next generation, which is the simplest truth.
who is now the supply of educational resources are from? country. but the state does supply what means? taxpayer money. But this All allocation of resources put into education is extremely unfair, and Shanghai high school students enjoyed an educational resource, the equivalent of 58 high school students enjoy the resources in Henan, which is the gap between regions. The whole name of school education has been divided into school and high school. to enter good schools are what people? a secondary choice fees, no thousands, eighty get down. to Shang Deqi these schools, in addition to the children of a poor family a few good results, some is to have as background and economic strength. the rest of the children of ordinary families, to the ordinary schools to receive a single point of educational resources, teacher. so unfair resource allocation in the education case, the next generation in the uneven development capacity actually development. Education is a fair development and social members of the important means of upward mobility, if the community has a stable, smooth, top-down vertical movement of the system, the stability is predictable, otherwise there will be classes curing, worrying.
In addition, the right to development of Chinese society due to lack of fairness arising from the negative social attitude.
few days ago, which only eight, eighty kinds, eight hundred kinds can count them out. we all strata of society is growing and maturing, there is no formation of some fixed class, but the mentality of discrimination has been rampant. This is the mentality of discrimination A curing class, despised by others, attain their own sense of superiority or confirm the identity of groups is superior, mainly to meet this need. the so-called vested interests and vulnerable groups, both in the material not only widening the gap , but also in the mind drift apart.
should be said that culture is discrimination in the Chinese culture is very easy. We have a very long tradition of deep discrimination. that we long history, this area is a long history. Many people are discriminated against by the ancient lives, without discrimination, and even spiritual support can not be found to survive. Li, Li Chen Liao, Liao servants, servants Hill station. He still people can ways to bully his wife only to go home. But our modern society, this one not so, and even may have to be bullied by his wife, even worse than the ancients so we do not get beat mm with his wife, and also to non- people live?
discrimination during the Cultural Revolution has a new tradition, such as family origin, the landlord's son was discriminated against, can not go to college, move not working, what should meet the political and so on. as an anti-family origin, the case of Rock paid with their lives, but still did not shake its nothing. such discrimination deprived the development of a person, the opportunity to enter mainstream society.
discrimination is not only the patent strong over the weak, the weak against the weak discrimination may be more powerful . be deprived of the right to development as a fair result of the discriminatory culture, our society is bound to poison the air, and even makes the weak weaker discrimination, which the common man's mind began to twist. The most typical reason is that there is no geographical discrimination, and the foreign population exclusion. Last year, Guangzhou, Guangzhou, said that to raise barriers to entry, limited entry into the low quality of Guangzhou, caused a stir on the site, but later found Qicheng local users in favor of this restriction, and Liu Cheng's friends are against the country. It very interesting, and perhaps to your city you will oppose, but in other cities you will agree. We have to find what kind of people to discriminate against, in fact, a pressure-type personality and the weak state of mind at work.
fair The right to development has been gradually eroded, the consequences are multiple, but in the end will erode our long-term social development. The so-called sustainable development, in the capacity of each Class in the case have been destroyed, will become no longer available continued.
equitable development of the third part of the right to reflect on the reasons for lack of
we really need to reflect on the reasons for lack of a fair right to development. I do not want to do here, the analysis routine, I just want to mention a few need attention: < br> First of all our development model itself is not an equitable development model. When we talk about letting some people get rich first, there is no problem, but the question is how rich he is? a lot of people through the usurpation of other groups development and developed, among which is the practice of many to develop first. It not only invaded and occupied the development of resources, forming a vicious interaction between groups. What is the Interactive mm turned out to be a small thing, you will interact to interact opinions engage in very powerful. two in a row, had very small things, the results become greetings family, the last hands of the state, this interaction is both the result of escalating into the hospital. could have been occupied little resources, but you performance may be very arrogant, righteous discrimination against vulnerable groups, the results others reverse discrimination, it will continue to interact, vicious upgrade.
system of protection and equitable development is also an important reason for the absence of. Sustainable development is primarily a political concept , and then is a concept of environment. I did the rural survey, found that early awareness of local farmers to the deterioration of the economy, the decline of the village, the biggest reason is the lack of rights of farmers. I think this understanding, in fact, from their lives mm in the experience of living system is not protecting them, but to deprive them.
system to protect the loss, and also makes attempts to speak from the outside for vulnerable groups of people feel powerless. In fact, a decade ago turned into slaves had been reported However, the time and still be able to continue for so long, so extensive space, from Shanxi, Henan, Guangdong and even have such illegal, forced labor situation, is that no one stand out? In fact, many people want to come out and the black brick kiln incident triggered by the social grievances, we can see hidden sense of justice in society, mobility is not bad. But the question is: Who is strangling our throats, who tied our hands, is Who numb our hearts so that we can do nothing faced with violence?
In addition, the lack of the right to equitable development, from a broader perspective, is still linked with the globalization process, although in practice globalization has not fully enter China . may not be all brought about by globalization is a good thing, the biggest negative effect of the globalization process, that is, produce a large number of marginalized people. , thinking, and with dignity to live in this world, but only because he was denied the right to development, to become the social surplus, the surplus population, as our industrial society in the eyes of people spam, life is to be abandoned these . On the assumption had been a state, a city everybody loves clean, clean, love the results of what is it? that generated a lot of garbage. This waste can not decompose and can not re-use, only piled on the side, the results more to build the city prettier, and the last mountain of garbage around the city even higher than the city. This is the situation of globalization, when to throw more people outside to enjoy the fruits of development, this pressure will drown Your so-called fruits of development, those who love people are no longer able to clean up cleanly.
Part IV how to protect the right to equitable development of our times?
Why should protect the weak? natural competition is not natural selection, Survival of the fittest it? can we, after all, human society, the law of human society, it is necessary for the ethical human society.
the same time, the so-called vulnerable groups also have capacity to act, not the incompetence of some people imagine . Historically, we can see that the oppressed Chinese peasants is the most bitter, but also what rights are missing. China's rulers are very clever, they have long kept the peasants living in a stable state, hungry, hungry. because fed more power and ideas, the rulers are threatened; and if hungry, too hard, it will rise up, so the art is how the ruler so that farmers have enough to eat, hungry, why do thousands of years in China farmers can not raise the standard of living, this is a very important reason, which is a rule needs. but we need to know the ages of the dynasty was overthrown by whom? exactly is vulnerable to overthrow. In this regard, we To guard against unfair to come to a certain degree of development, society will face the division, confrontation and the danger of disintegration mm vulnerable groups are still the ability to make this social disintegration.
In addition, even from the perspective of development itself, we should also protection of vulnerable groups the right to development. For example, I get a hand out of the five fingers of a finger that the most useless? little finger it? but if you take it away, you will find it very strange, because the destruction of the wealth of our lives sex. In fact human development, both rely on competition, while also relying on its rich, no such richness, it will lose thousands of opportunities and possibilities for development. like a rubber, automotive industry today is the great development , but if five hundred years ago the rubber tree extinct, we still do not form the automotive industry today, it? take at least a higher price for it. a lot of things with a potential value, but you can not find. every person on this the world is useful.
more importantly, their so-called useless, called to be abandoned, the so-called marginalization of the so-called junk, not their own mistakes, if they enjoy the same opportunities for development He will develop better. This is a systemic error, the development must be excluded are those who, unfortunately, those who are excluded. We may live in the city are decent, but if you really excluded, you In the countryside the situation is not the same, this is the system chosen, is not he better than you. If a child, he is also the home of a book cabinet, will the computer, watching satellite television, vision is open, you can access to all aspects of character, he developed is not necessarily worse than you. This is the system error, not their own how the poor quality of life. Therefore, the protection of the right to equitable development of our time, from the moral, logical, and even on the utilitarian, all the times be.
on how to protect, I mentioned two points. the problems of globalization is not to be resolved through the abolition of globalization, indeed, not abolished, but a more thorough globalization. now is one-sided globalization , is the selection of labor-capital traveled the world, the best advantage of globalization, rather than each group, each of factors of production are given opportunities of globalization, to borrow Marx's phrase As it is, the world united together capitalists, and the world proletarian is highly fragmented, the United States is hostile to the working class in Dongguan, the Pearl River Delta workers. so they do not force, but the capitalists are.
we need more comprehensive and thorough globalization, and this is the need to fight for space. NGO organizations in the popular ten years ago in Hong Kong. Hong Kong people to see that some people say that you so bad, why? you to help lazy people, to help vulnerable groups, make them more lazy, this is their idea. but now more people in support of the NGO, which is very obvious changes in our society, they think it is the system error, not because these people lazy, So they think that there is valuable NGO organizations.
As for how to unite, how to develop, I would say that we must strive for an identity change. two decades, our identity has undergone many changes, If we do not have all the rights, in the unit leadership must listen to, a child must be heard I Met Your Mother, married to my wife to listen, we live in the subjects of the state. But the market economy to the people more room for development, now our identity is the public mm market economy people. development to develop to the public, that development does not go up, with the glass ceiling, capacity development has been hollowed out, how do? have to participate in public life , must be transformed into citizens of the identity of the people, this is what we call the identity of the path of inevitable development.
Last week I went to Lijiang Garden, see a work training. Lijiang Garden owners, there are a variety of knowledge and skills of people organized around the factory to send ads, saying that what skills you need, we have here what kind of teacher, we make a docking. Last week their first an event postings of people did not expect to have so ...
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